I compiled this list of the most basic and most important Korean language particles, verb endings and connectors for our online basic Korean grammar course (Korean Grammar for Beginners). I am sharing that list on this page for TOPIK GUIDE readers. The list is categorised into 3 sections – Particles, Verb Endings and Connectors.
Whether you are just a beginner level Korean language learner or you are preparing for TOPIK test, you must study and understand these connectors properly as these are used very commonly in written and spoken Korean everyday.
Most Basic Korean Particles
- 은/는 – Topic particles
- 이/가 – Subject Particles
- 을/를 – Object particles
- 에/에서 – In, at
- 에 – To 에서 – From
- 에서 – From (Place)부터 – From (Time)까지 – To/till (Place
- 에게/한테 – To (someone)에게서/한테서 – From (someone)
- 와/과/하고/랑 – And (connect two things)
- 나/(이)나 – Either/Or
- 로/ (으)로 – to/towards(direction)with (tool/method)
- 의 – of/’s (belongs to)
- 도 – also/too
Most Basic Korean Verb Endings
- 입니다, 이에요/예요 – Is/am/are
- 있다 – To have, To exist and 없다 – Not to have, To not exist
- V + 아요/어요 or ㅂ니다/습니다 – Present tense verb ending
- V + 았어요/었어요 – Past Tense Verb Ending
- V + 겠어요 and V + (으)ㄹ 거예요 – Future Tense Ending
- V + 지 않아요/ 않았어요/않을 거예요 – Negative Verb Endings (Don’t, Didn’t, Won’t)
- V + 지 못 해요/ 했어요/할 거예요 – Negative Verb Endings (Can’t, Couldn’t, Won’t be able to)
- 안/못 + Verb안 + V + Ending = Do Not; 못 + V + Ending = Cannot
- V + 죠/지요 – Isn’t it? (used for confirmation)– 잖아요 – As you know/You know that …..
- V + 고 있다 – V + ing
- V + 고 싶다 – Want to V
- V+ (으)세요/십시오 – Please do.. / Making a Request
- V + 아/어 보다 – To try doing …
- V + 아/어 주다 – To do .. for someone
- Adj+아/어지다 – To become/get …
- -(으)ㄹ 수 있다/없다 – Can/Can’t
- -(으)ㄹ까요? – Shall we ..?
- -(으)ㅂ시다 – Let’s do ..
- V + 게 됐어요 – Happened to do
- V + 아야/어야 해요 and V + 아야/어야 돼요have to/ need to/ must Do ..
- -아도/어도 돼요 (It’s ok to …)(Asking for/granting permission)-(으)면 돼요 (You just have to…), You can just do..(으)려고 하다 Intend/Plan to do something(으)기로 했어요 – Decided to do..
- Modifiers – V + (으)ㄴ – Past; V + 는 – Present; V + (으)ㄹ – future; Adj. + (으)ㄴ
- V/Adj + Modifier + 것 같아요- It seems like, looks like
- -라고/다고/자고/냐고 하다– Indirect Speech
Most Basic Korean Connectors
- V + 고 + V – V + and + Verb
- V + 지만 – I do V But
- N 보다 – Than N
- V + 아서/어서 – And (Sequence), So (Reason)
- N + 때문에 and V + 기 때문에 – Because, So (Used to express reason)
- V + (으)니까 – Because, So (Used to express reason but mainly with commands, request or proposals)
- Adj + (으)ㄴ데 and V + 는데 – but…, Used to express background information
- V + (으)러 – in order to do .., For doing … (Used with verbs come/go)
- V + (으)려고 + Verb – To do … in order to do .. (Can be used with any verb)
- N + 때 and V – (으)ㄹ 때 – At the time of …, When..
- Time + 동안 – During .., For the duration of ..
- V + (으)면 – If, When
- V + 았/었으면 좋겠다 – I hope/wish/desire
- V+ (으)면서 – While doing ..
- V + 기 전에 – Before doing …
- V + (으)ㄴ 후에 – After doing ..
- N + 에 대해서/대해 + Verb and N + 에 대한 + Noun – About something
- N + 을/를 위해서/위해 and V + 기 위해서/위해 – In order to do, For the sake of
- 그리고 – and
- 그래서 – So
- 그러면 – Then, In that case
- 그러니까 – That’s why, For that reason
- 그러나, 그런데, 그렇지만, 하지만 – But
In case you find your grammar skills a little rusty, you can check this course on Udemy – Korean Grammar for Beginners Course (A special discount coupon is embedded for TOPIK GUIDE readers). The course which has 50 video lectures explaining these most important Korean grammar particles, verb endings and connectors.
Ouah thanks you so much it helps a lot ! Fighting ! ^^
Translation of your two Korean into English words
Ouah = 와
Fighting = 화이팅!
I wanted to learn more about Korean language.
This is what I was looking for!
Thank You.
This list really help me! Thank you for your hardwork teacher 🙂
geez i used to be hella confuse because of these endings so thank you so much.
This is awesome! 고맙습니다.^^
thank you so much can’t even imagine solving all my problems at one website